Tsavorite
Tsavorite, also known as tsavolite, is a vibrant green gemstone belonging to the garnet group, specifically a variety of grossular garnet. It is composed primarily of calcium-aluminum, with the chemical formula Ca3Al2Si3O12. The gemstone’s stunning green color is due to trace amounts of vanadium or chromium within its structure.
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The fascinating journey of tsavorite began in 1967 when British geologist and gem prospector Campbell R. Bridges discovered a deposit of green grossular garnet in the Lemshuko area of north-east Tanzania, around 15 kilometers from the village of Komolo. The specimens Bridges discovered were of remarkable transparency and exhibited an intense green color, which quickly piqued the interest of the gem trade. However, due to restrictions from the Tanzanian government, the export of these gemstones was not immediately possible.
In the early 1970s, Peter Morgan, the founder of Eltons Mining Ltd., and his team discovered commercial quantities of tsavorite near Tsavo West National Park, which gave the gem its name. To evaluate the stone and strategize its marketing, Morgan formed a collaboration with a group of international scientists and gem industry experts, including Prof. Dr. Edward Gubelin from Switzerland and Prof. Dr. Herman Bank from Germany. Together, they identified the gem’s unique properties and began efforts to introduce it to the broader jewelry market.
The name “Tsavorite” was suggested by Peter Morgan and derives from the Tsavo district in Kenya, near the Taita Taveta province where the gem was found. The suffix “-lite” is derived from the Greek word for stone, reflecting its geological origins.
Further Discoveries and Development
Campbell Bridges continued his quest for tsavorite in neighboring Kenya, eventually succeeding in 1971 when he located another significant deposit. This time, he was granted a permit to mine the stones, and the gemstone began to gain recognition in the jewelry community.
Initially, tsavorite was known only to mineral specialists and gem enthusiasts, but in 1974, Peter Morgan and Dan Meyer introduced the gemstone to Harry Platt, vice president of Tiffany & Co. While initial business negotiations did not lead to a formal agreement, Platt wrote a glowing review of tsavorite for the Lapidary Journal, in which he advocated for the name “Tsavorite.” According to Platt, this name was easier for Americans to pronounce, and it soon became the accepted trade name for the gem.
Sources and Mining Locations
Tragically, Campbell Bridges was killed in 2009 during an attack by a mob while he was on his property near Tsavo East National Park. It is believed that the incident was related to ongoing disputes over access to and control of his gemstone mining operations.
In addition to the Tanzanian source, tsavorite has also been found in other parts of the world, including Toliara Province in Madagascar. Smaller deposits of gem-quality tsavorite have also been identified in Pakistan and Antarctica’s Queen Maud Land, but no other major sources of the gemstone have been discovered so far. Tsavorite is notably rare in large sizes, and crystals weighing several carats are highly prized.
In late 2006, a remarkable 925-carat tsavorite crystal was discovered, which produced a 325-carat faceted gemstone—one of the largest tsavorites in existence. In early 2006, another significant crystal yielded a 120.68-carat mixed-cut stone, further cementing tsavorite’s position as a prized collector’s gem. Tsavorite formed during a Neoproterozoic metamorphic event, which involved extensive folding and refolding of rocks, creating a variety of distinctive inclusions that help identify the stone.
Sample rough from Kenya
FAQ About Tsavorite
Is tsavorite a precious stone?
Tsavorite is considered one of the rarest and most sought-after gemstones in the world due to its lush forest green color and stunning transparency. However, it is not classified as a precious stone by traditional gemological standards, as it falls under the category of garnets rather than diamonds, rubies, sapphires, or emeralds.
What is tsavorite good for?
Tsavorite is believed to have a variety of physical and emotional healing properties. It is said to enhance fertility, support kidney health, and benefit the skin and bodily membranes. Emotionally, tsavorite is thought to bring strength, confidence, and relaxation while fostering a sense of cooperation and service. It is also associated with abundance and prosperity.
What is the value of tsavorite?
The value of tsavorite depends on its size, color, and quality. Top-grade tsavorites with vivid green hues and exceptional clarity can reach prices of up to $8,000 per carat in retail settings. The rarity of large, gem-quality stones further contributes to their high value in the market.
Is tsavorite an emerald?
Although tsavorite’s vibrant green color may resemble that of an emerald, it is actually a variety of garnet. Tsavorite is rarer than emerald and is found only in East Africa, with Kenya’s Taita Taveta County and Tanzania’s Arusha region being the main sources of the stone. It is considered an excellent alternative to emerald for those seeking a unique and rare gemstone.
Is tsavorite a hard stone?
Tsavorite has a Mohs hardness rating of 7 to 7.5, making it a relatively durable gemstone suitable for a variety of jewelry types, including rings and pendants. Its hardness, coupled with its brilliant luster and refractive properties, makes tsavorite an ideal choice for an engagement ring for those looking for an unconventional but stunning gem.
Can tsavorite be lab-created?
To date, tsavorite has not been successfully synthesized in laboratories, although some imitations exist on the market. Genuine tsavorite is highly valued for its natural beauty, which has not been subjected to any enhancements or treatments—a quality that makes it one of the most “honest” gems available.
Is tsavorite good for an engagement ring?
Yes, tsavorite is an excellent choice for an engagement ring, especially for individuals seeking an alternative to the traditional diamond or emerald. Its bright green hue, rarity, and remarkable brilliance give tsavorite a distinct allure, making it perfect for an unconventional yet elegant engagement ring. Its high refractive index results in a dazzling sparkle that rivals that of many other gemstones.
What does tsavorite garnet do?
Tsavorite garnet is thought to resonate with the heart chakra, enhancing vitality, compassion, and feelings of generosity. It is also believed to assist in connecting with higher spiritual realms, improving psychic awareness, and encouraging emotional healing and growth. As a meditation stone, it is said to promote inner peace and spiritual awakening.
Is tsavorite the same as green garnet?
While tsavorite is a green garnet, not all green garnets are tsavorite. Green garnets can belong to different species within the garnet family, such as grossular and andradite. Tsavorite is a green grossular garnet, whereas another well-known green garnet is demantoid, which belongs to the andradite species. Demantoid garnets have a higher refractive index and dispersion compared to grossular garnets, but they are softer.
How do you clean tsavorite?
To clean tsavorite, use a solution of warm water and mild dish soap, and gently scrub the gemstone with a soft toothbrush. Avoid using harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners, as they could damage the stone. Proper care and cleaning will help maintain the stone’s brilliance and color for many years.
Is tsavorite a good investment?
Tsavorite’s rarity and increasing popularity make it a strong investment opportunity for gemstone collectors and investors. With limited sources of gem-quality tsavorite and a growing demand for unique and rare gemstones, its value has the potential to increase over time.
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