Sunstone
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Sunstone meaning: Viking, rainbow lattice, black crystal
Sunstone is a plagioclase feldspar that, when viewed from certain directions, exhibits a beautiful spangled appearance. This alluring gemstone has been found in Southern Norway, Sweden, and several localities across the United States. Sunstone’s eye-catching sparkle is due to tiny inclusions of copper or other metallic minerals that reflect light in brilliant flashes.
Aventurine feldspar
Often referred to as “aventurine feldspar,” sunstone displays its optical phenomenon when light bounces off the reflective inclusions of red copper in the stone. These inclusions typically take the form of hexagonal, rhombic, or irregularly shaped scales, aligned parallel to the primary cleavage plane. Because of this resemblance to aventurine quartz, sunstone is sometimes called aventurine feldspar.
The shiller effect in sunstone, with its flashes of light and rich coloration, is most pronounced in the center of the crystal. Colors often grade outward, appearing darkest at the middle and more translucent at the edges. The presence of copper is what primarily gives rise to sunstone’s vibrant sparkle and lustrous glow.
Oligoclase
Although the feldspar typically exhibiting the aventurine effect is oligoclase, similar optical properties can appear in orthoclase. Hence, two varieties of this gem are recognized: oligoclase sunstone and orthoclase sunstone. However, both types captivate gem enthusiasts and collectors for their warm colors and metallic sheen.
Treatment
In the early 2000s, red or green gemstones resembling sunstone and marketed as “Andesine” appeared. After much debate, most of these stones—purportedly from China—were found to have been artificially colored by copper diffusion. Claims of a Tibetan source for naturally untreated red andesine circulated briefly, but further investigations determined these assertions were unsubstantiated.
Feldspars
Feldspars are a group of rock-forming tectosilicate minerals that compose about 41% of the Earth’s continental crust by weight. These minerals crystallize from magma in both intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks, as well as in many metamorphic rocks. A rock composed almost exclusively of calcic plagioclase feldspar is known as anorthosite. Feldspars also appear in numerous sedimentary rock types.
Feldspars consist of tectosilicates and can be generally categorized into three endmembers:
- Potassium feldspar endmember KAlSi3O8
- Albite endmember NaAlSi3O8
-
Anorthite
endmember CaAl2Si2O8
Viking sunstone
A longstanding theory suggests that sunstone, with its polarizing qualities, may have served as an early navigational tool for seafarers in the Viking Age. In 2013, a calcite crystal discovered in the wreck of a 16th-century warship near Alderney lent support to the possibility that Vikings used sunstone to locate the sun’s position, even on overcast days.
Iceland spar—also known as Iceland crystal—is a transparent variety of
calcite historically shipped from Iceland. Remarkable for its birefringence, this mineral splits incoming light into two rays of perpendicular polarization. Objects viewed through Iceland spar can appear doubled, an effect that highlights the stone’s role in optical experiments and possibly in Viking navigation.
Rainbow lattice sunstone
Rainbow lattice sunstone is a unique type of feldspar consisting mostly of moonstone (about 75% orthoclase and 25% albite). This gem features fascinating inclusions caused by crystallographically oriented exsolution crystals. Initial testing in 1989 suggested that the dark platelets in rainbow lattice sunstone were ilmenite and hematite, but more advanced analysis in recent years identified them as magnetite. These dark triangles and blades shimmer within the feldspar, creating a distinctive lattice-like pattern.
Black sunstone
Black sunstone has recently emerged on the market, reportedly found in southern India. This variety is much darker than traditional sunstone, with a gray or charcoal hue. Existing research on black sunstone is limited, but some suggest it may be a form of grey aventurine or graphinite. Ongoing examination aims to clarify the precise composition and structure of this unusual stone.
Sunstone crystal meaning and healing properties benefits
(The following section is pseudo scientific and based on cultural beliefs.)
Sunstone crystal meaning and healing properties benefits are often associated with luck, abundance, and optimism. It is said to clear and energize all chakras, instilling a positive outlook and supporting an individual’s true identity to shine freely. Many believe sunstone can help reduce stress, alleviate fear, and boost vitality—promoting independence, creativity, and a strong sense of self.
FAQ
What are sunstones worth?
Pale yellow to colorless, non-phenomenal Oregon stones, whether native cut or calibrated stones, may go for a few dollars per carat to $20 per carat for a custom cut. Pinks and tans, with and without schiller, commonly range up to $50 per carat, depending on the effect.
What is sunstone used for?
It instills good nature, heightens intuition and allows the real self to shine through happily. It dissipates fearfulness, alleviates stress and increases vitality. Encourages independence and originality. Especially helpful to those who have difficulty saying “No” to others.
Who can wear sunstone?
All people with problems achieving stability and personal strength may consider wearing this stone. It will give them the personal power and integrity to fight for their interests, and encourage them to resist mistreatment from others. Sunstone is also believed to help overcome phobias and mental challenges such as depression.
How do you care for a sunstone?
Warm, soapy water is always a safe cleaning method. Ultrasonic and steam cleaners should be avoided. Feldspars are rapidly attacked by hydrochloric acid, so cleaning products containing bleach should also be avoided. Rarely, the stone might be fracture filled.
Are sunstones rare?
It is a rare and highly sought-after gemstone, often prized by collectors. Sunstone is typically cut into round or oval cabochons, but occasionally faceted in emerald-cut or other shapes to showcase its attractive schiller effect.
Is sunstone man made?
No. It is 100% natural. This is the most prominent distinction when compared with
goldstone, which is a man-made material.
Where are sunstones found?
A plagioclase feldspar, sunstone exhibits a spangled appearance when viewed from certain directions. It has been discovered in Southern Norway, Sweden, several locations in the United States, and even on certain beaches along the midcoast of South Australia.
Is crystal sunstone a lucky stone?
The stone is considered a good luck crystal, especially when engaging in competitive events. In a work setting, sunstone is believed to help bring opportunities for advancement and repel stress or negativity. It is also said to protect against sources that drain finances and energy.
How can you tell if a sunstone is genuine?
A genuine sunstone often displays the characteristic metallic sparkles or “schiller” effect, caused by copper or hematite inclusions. Look for a warm, glowing quality beneath the surface. If in doubt, professional gemological testing can confirm authenticity.
Does the intensity of color affect a sunstone’s value?
Yes. Generally, a more vibrant and saturated color can increase sunstone’s value. Stones exhibiting strong orange-red or deep copper tones—along with a pronounced shiller effect—tend to be the most prized.
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