lab created emeralds
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What are synthetic hydrothermal emerald, lab created emeralds, man made emeralds?
Hydrothermal synthetic emeralds, also known as lab created emeralds or man made emeralds, are produced through controlled growth processes that mimic the conditions in which natural emeralds form deep within the Earth. These processes, often conducted in specialized laboratories, rely on high-temperature, high-pressure aqueous solutions to encourage crystal growth over several weeks or months. The crystals that emerge possess the same chemical, physical, and optical characteristics as natural emeralds, yet they can be consistently produced in a fraction of the time that nature requires.
Early attempts at synthetic emerald creation
The earliest attempts to create synthetic emeralds date back to the early twentieth century, but it was not until the 1960s that a truly reliable and commercially viable method emerged. Hydrothermal synthetic emeralds have been attributed to IG Farben, Nacken, Tairus, and others, but the first satisfactory commercial product was that of Johann Lechleitner of Innsbruck, Austria, which appeared on the market in the 1960s. These stones were initially sold under the names “Emerita” and “Symeralds,” where a thin layer of emerald was grown over natural colorless beryl.
Refinements by the Linde Division of Union Carbide
Later, from 1965 to 1970, the Linde Division of Union Carbide refined the hydrothermal process and produced completely synthetic emeralds by carefully controlling the growth environment. According to their patents (notably those attributed to E.M. Flanigen), ensuring an acidic growth medium prevented the chromium colorant from precipitating prematurely. Additionally, maintaining separation between the silicon-bearing nutrient and other reactants was crucial to inhibit unwanted nucleation and limit emerald formation exclusively to the intended seed crystals. The growth itself occurs through a diffusion-reaction mechanism, supported by careful convection currents within the sealed vessel.
Lab created emeralds synthesis
The hydrothermal synthesis process is rooted in geologic principles. Geochemists and mineralogists have studied hydrothermal systems extensively since the early 1900s, seeking to understand how minerals precipitate and crystallize in aqueous solutions under intense heat and pressure. Scientists such as George W. Morey at the Carnegie Institution and Percy W. Bridgman at Harvard University developed the foundational knowledge and engineering techniques needed to contain highly reactive solutions. Their work paved the way for the controlled production of synthetic hydrothermal emerald, allowing gem producers to replicate the precise temperature and pressure conditions necessary for emerald crystal formation.
Simulating natural growth conditions
The hydrothermal environment carefully simulates nature’s approach. Natural emeralds grow slowly within veins and cavities deep underground, often forming over millions of years. By contrast, lab created emeralds can emerge in a matter of weeks. While the conditions are artificially induced, the resulting crystals are not “fakes” in terms of chemistry—they are chemically, physically, and optically identical to their natural counterparts. This authenticity distinguishes them from mere imitations or simulants.
Producer
Today, one of the largest producers of hydrothermal emeralds is Tairus in Russia. Tairus has succeeded in synthesizing stones with a chemical composition closely matching those of Colombian deposits—arguably the most renowned source of high-quality emerald in the natural world. These hydrothermal synthetic emeralds are thus often referred to as “Colombian lab created emeralds” or “Tairus Created Emeralds.”
UV examination and distinguishing characteristics
As with their natural cousins, these lab created emeralds may be examined under ultraviolet light. Luminescence can sometimes help distinguish natural stones from synthetic ones, although it is not always definitive. Many natural emeralds are inert under UV light, while certain synthetics may display characteristic luminescence. However, caution is advised since both natural and synthetic emeralds can exhibit a range of reactions, and additional gemological testing is often required for a conclusive determination.
Created emerald or lab created emeralds
It is important to understand what can and cannot be called “synthetic.” The Federal Trade Commission guidelines stipulate that using terms like “laboratory-grown,” “laboratory-created,” “created,” or “synthetic” is only permissible if the product has essentially the same optical, physical, and chemical properties as the stone named. Since lab created emeralds align perfectly with this definition, they can be legitimately described as synthetic hydrothermal emerald. These stones are not mere replicas; they share the core identity of natural emeralds, differing primarily in their origin and growth conditions.
Characteristics of synthetic hydrothermal emerald
Synthetic hydrothermal emerald often exhibits fewer inclusions than many natural emeralds, giving them a clarity that can be rare in natural stones. When inclusions are present, they tend to be more diagnostic of laboratory conditions, sometimes showing characteristic “chevron” or “breadcrumb” patterns, or small irregularities from seed crystals. Professionals use microscopes and spectroscopy to detect such features and confirm the stone’s origin.
Vivid coloration and appeal
The coloration of these lab created emeralds can be vividly saturated, thanks to the precise addition of chromium or vanadium during the growth process. This intense hue appeals to many jewelry designers and buyers who want the allure of a top-quality emerald without the scarcity and cost that natural stones of similar quality may command.
Synthetic hydrothermal emerald video
Comparing synthetic hydrothermal emerald to flux-grown emerald
While hydrothermal synthesis is one approach, flux growth is another method historically used to produce synthetic emeralds. Flux-grown emeralds develop in a molten flux solution rather than an aqueous environment. Although both methods produce genuine emerald crystals, subtle differences in inclusions, trace elements, and growth patterns can distinguish them. Hydrothermal synthetic emerald often grows more rapidly and can yield larger crystals compared to some flux-based methods.
Cutting and polishing lab created emeralds
Cutting and polishing synthetic hydrothermal emerald requires a skilled hand. Gem cutters approach these stones much like natural emeralds. The orientation of the emerald rough is crucial to maximize color and minimize visible inclusions. Because the internal structure of these synthetic stones mimics that of natural emeralds, the same cutting styles—such as the classic emerald cut—are preferred to enhance the gem’s natural brilliance and saturation.
Market acceptance and applications
Today, lab created emeralds have found a significant niche in the gemstone market. Jewelers and consumers appreciate the opportunity to own a stone with the same visual and structural beauty as a natural emerald, but at a more accessible price point. The consistent quality and availability of synthetic hydrothermal emerald make them particularly appealing for high-volume jewelry production, custom pieces, and as center stones in various types of adornments.
Caring for synthetic hydrothermal emerald
Whether natural or laboratory-created, emeralds require mindful care. Although emeralds have a respectable hardness, around 7.5 to 8 on the Mohs scale, they can still be more brittle than other gemstones due to internal characteristics. Gentle cleaning with mild soap and warm water is recommended. Avoid exposing the stone to harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, or high heat. With proper care, a synthetic hydrothermal emerald can retain its luster and beauty for generations.
FAQ
Are lab created emeralds valuable?
Lab created emeralds are typically less expensive than their natural counterparts, as they are more readily available and take less time to produce. However, they still hold respectable value due to their identical chemical and physical properties, vibrant color, and clarity.
How can I distinguish a synthetic hydrothermal emerald from a natural emerald?
A trained gemologist can identify subtle differences through microscopic examination and advanced testing. Inclusions, growth patterns, and certain trace elements may differ. Without professional evaluation, it can be challenging to distinguish them based on appearance alone.
Are lab created emeralds durable enough for everyday wear?
Yes. Synthetic hydrothermal emeralds have the same hardness and durability as natural emeralds. They can withstand everyday wear with proper care. It is still recommended to treat them gently, avoiding excessive impact or exposure to harsh conditions.
Do synthetic hydrothermal emeralds require special maintenance?
Maintenance for lab created emeralds is similar to that of natural stones. Clean them gently with warm water and mild soap, and avoid extreme temperature changes or harsh chemicals. Proper care ensures they remain beautiful and lustrous.
Is it ethical to buy a synthetic emerald instead of a natural one?
Many consumers consider lab created emeralds to be an ethical choice, as they do not involve mining activities that may raise environmental or labor concerns. By choosing synthetic hydrothermal emerald, buyers can enjoy the beauty of this gem while supporting a more controlled and sustainable production process.
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